Table 2:

Clinical outcomes by physician prescribing quartile

Variable	No. (%) of patients^*					p value
Variable	Overall	Quartile 1	Quartile 2	Quartile 3	Quartile 4	p value
Days of therapy per 100 patient-days^†
No. of patients	124 158	31 951	40 745	35 395	16 067
In-hospital death	5571 (4.5)	1688 (5.3)	1700 (4.2)	1455 (4.1)	728 (4.5)	0.496
ICU admission	6972 (5.6)	1656 (5.2)	2382 (5.8)	2027 (5.7)	907 (5.6)	0.262
30-day readmission	16 765 (13.5)	4298 (13.5)	5516 (13.5)	4811 (13.6)	2140 (13.3)	0.577
Length of stay, d, mean ± SD	6.2 ± 5.5	6.4 ± 5.7	6.1 ± 5.5	6.1 ± 5.5	6.1 ± 5.4	0.054
Antimicrobial-free days^‡, %
No. of patients	124 158	20 939	33 833	36 811	32 575
In-hospital death	5571 (4.5)	866 (4.1)	1432 (4.2)	1642 (4.5)	1631 (5.0)	0.135
ICU admission	6972 (5.6)	1183 (5.6)	2060 (6.1)	1972 (5.4)	1757 (5.4)	0.81
30-day readmission	16 765 (13.5)	2778 (13.3)	4549 (13.4)	4993 (13.6)	4445 (13.6)	0.142
Length of stay, d, mean ± SD	6.2 ± 5.5	6.0 ± 5.4	6.1 ± 5.5	6.2 ± 5.5	6.2 ± 5.6	0.455
Modified spectrum score^§
No. of patients	124 158	24 828	36 725	38 855	23 750
In-hospital death	5571 (4.5)	1049 (4.2)	1576 (4.3)	1644 (4.2)	1302 (5.5)	0.338
ICU admission	6972 (5.6)	1414 (5.7)	2068 (5.6)	2132 (5.5)	1358 (5.7)	0.54
30-day readmission	16 765 (13.5)	3394 (13.7)	5046 (13.7)	5175 (13.3)	3150 (13.3)	0.914
Length of stay, d, mean ± SD	6.2 ± 5.5	6.0 ± 5.6	6.2 ± 5.5	6.1 ± 5.5	6.2 ± 5.6	0.366

Note: ICU = intensive care unit, SD = standard deviation.
↵* Unless indicated otherwise.
↵† Days of therapy standardized to 100 patient-days of each prescriber’s service, which reflects an aggregate quantity of antimicrobial prescribing. (31)
↵‡ Days without antimicrobial therapy, expressed as a percentage of total physician patient-days. (31)
↵§ A score used to describe the aggregate intensity of antimicrobial prescribing (range 4 [penicillin] to 49.75 [tigecycline]). (28)^, (29)