Table 4:

Association of variables with odds of leaving without being seen or against medical advice, from modelling interaction of First Nations status with all other independent variables

VariableOR (95% CI)p value*
First Nations patientsNon–First Nations patients
Sex
 Male1.11 (1.08–1.13)1.06 (1.05–1.07)< 0.001
 Female or otherRef.Ref.
Age category, yr
 ≤ 170.63 (0.61–0.64)0.69 (0.69–0.70)< 0.001
 18–54Ref.Ref.
 ≥ 550.59 (0.57–0.62)0.54 (0.53–0.55)< 0.001
Comorbidities
 0Ref.Ref.
 ≥ 10.91 (0.89–0.93)0.89 (0.87–0.90)0.07
Neighbourhood income, $
 < 42 0001.16 (1.13–1.18)1.11 (1.10–1.12)< 0.001
 ≥ 42 000Ref.Ref.
Travel distance, km
 > 50.92 (0.90–0.94)0.87 (0.86–0.87)< 0.001
 ≤ 5Ref.Ref.
Ambulance arrival
 Yes0.94 (0.92–0.97)0.78 (0.77–0.80)< 0.001
 NoRef.Ref.
Time
 Day (8:01–16:00)Ref.Ref.
 Evening (16:01–0:00)1.06 (1.04–1.08)1.38 (1.37–1.39)< 0.001
 Night (0:01–8:00)1.18 (1.14–1.21)1.31 (1.29–1.32)< 0.001
CTAS
 CTAS 1–20.46 (0.43–0.48)0.49 (0.48–0.50)0.02
 CTAS 3Ref.Ref.
 CTAS 4–51.28 (1.26–1.31)1.12 (1.11–1.13)< 0.001
 CTAS missing4.88 (4.71–5.07)3.23 (3.17–3.30)< 0.001
Facility type
 Small metro2.03 (1.94–2.13)1.65 (1.62–1.69)< 0.001
 Large metro2.87 (2.79–2.96)2.41 (2.37–2.45)< 0.001
 Regional outside metro1.86 (1.79–1.93)2.05 (2.02–2.01)< 0.001
 Large communityRef.Ref.
 Small facilities outside metro0.89 (0.87–0.92)1.04 (1.02–1.05)< 0.001

  • Note: CI = confidence interval, CTAS = Canadian Triage Acuity Scale, OR = odds ratio.

  • ↵* Significance of difference of the interaction of First Nations status; significant p values indicate that the OR of the variable is significantly different for First Nations patients than non–First Nations patients.