This guideline update reflects substantial advances in the epidemiology, determinants,
pathophysiology, assessment, prevention and treatment of obesity, and shifts the focus of obesity …

Aims Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a condition affecting 7–15% of all pregnancies,
is associated with an increased mortality rate during adulthood. Several animal models have …

OBJECTIVE It is recognized that there is a remarkable variability in the systemic response to
high-fat (HF) diets that cannot be completely explained by genetic factors. In addition, …

Background Guidelines and experts describe 5% to 10% reductions in body weight as `clinically
important’; however, it is not clear if 5% to 10% weight reductions correspond to …

Preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction are responsible for the majority of maternal and
perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with complicated pregnancies. Although their …

Aims Adult offspring who are born intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) are at risk of developing
cardiovascular diseases during adulthood. Additionally, several cardiac diseases are …

Obesity is a chronic and complex medical condition associated with a large number of
complications affecting most organs and systems through multiple pathways. Strategies for weight …

Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) contribute significantly to fetal and
maternal morbidity and mortality. Although the causes of PE and FGR are not fully understood, …

Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that cardiovascular dysfunction in adult life
may be programmed by compromised growth in utero. Aging is a risk factor for vascular …

OBJECTIVE A prenatal hypoxic insult leading to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) increases
the susceptibility to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS) later in life. Since resveratrol (…